New vocabulary: Placement, Monitor, Unmindful. Watch station, Console, Deadly, Task, Accordingly, Martyr, Lemonade.
8.1 Look at the pictures below and in pairs identify the position/placement of the living and non-living things. Then, in pairs ask and answer questions to know their placements. One is done for you.
নিচের ছবিটি দেখো এবং ছবিতে বিদ্যমান জীব ও জড়পদার্থের অবস্থান চিহ্নিত করো। এবারে একে অন্যকে প্রশ্ন করো। একটি প্রশ্ন ও উত্তর নিচে দেওয়া হলো।
Question: Where is the sofa?
Answer: The sofa is beside the table.
a. What can you see on the table?
b. Where is the chair?
c. Where is the pen?
d. Where is the cat?
e. What can you see between the globe and the pen-holder?
8.2 Read the note given below. Now, in pairs make more questions and practice asking & answering questions with help of the note.
নিচের নোটটি পড়ো। এবার, জোড়ায় জোড়ায় আরো কিছু প্রশ্ন তৈরি করো এবং নোটে থাকা তথ্যের সাহায্যে একে অন্যকে প্রশ্ন করো এবং উত্তর দাও।
Note You can use the following words to describe the location of the things: on, in, next to, beside, between, in front of, over, below, under. These words are called prepositions and are used before nouns or pronouns. They make a connection of the noun or pronoun with other parts (words) of the sentence. এই শব্দগুলোকে preposition বলা হয় এবং এরা noun বা বিশেষ্য অথবা pronoun বা সর্বনামের আগে ব্যবহৃত হয়। Preposition বাক্যের বিশেষ্য বা সর্বনামের সাথে বাক্যের অন্যান্য অংশের (শব্দ) সংযোগ তৈরি করে। |
8.3 Work in a group of 3. Take a book, a pen, a school bag, and a notebook (khata) in your group. One member in your group will give instructions from the box below and another member will do the task accordingly and the third one will monitor whether he/she is doing the task correctly or not. By turns, every member will do the task.
তিনজন করে দল তৈরি করো। প্রতিটি দলে একটি করে বই, খাতা, কলম ও স্কুলব্যাগ নাও। দলের একজন সদস্য নিচের বক্স দেখে নির্দেশনা দেবে, একজন সেইমতো কাজ করবে এবং তৃতীয়জন তার কাজ সঠিক হচ্ছে কিনা তা পর্যবেক্ষণ করবে। এভাবে একে একে সবাই নিচের কাজ সম্পন্ন করো।
Instructions: 1. Close your eyes for five seconds. 2. Now open your eyes and look at me. 3. Keep the pen in your hand. 4. Put the book on the bench/desk. 5. Put the notebook beside the book. 6. Keep the pen behind the bag. 7. Now put the pen between the book and notebook. 8. Hold the book over your head. 9. Put the notebook under the book now. 10. Keep the pen in front of the notebook. |
8.4 Let's play the game “Who remembers the most ?” (এসো, “স্মৃতির খেলা” খেলি।) Look at the picture for 1 minute and identify the location of the things.
একমিনিট ধরে সবাই ছবির দিকে তাকিয়ে থাকবে এবং ছবিতে থাকা বিভিন্ন জিনিষের অবস্থান ভালোভাবে লক্ষ্য করবে।
8.5 Read the following note and discuss in pairs/groups.
দলগতভাবে অথবা জোড়ায় জোড়ায় নিচের নোট পড়ো ও আলোচনা করো।
NoteThe words like 'and', 'but' and 'or' are connecting words, groups of words, or short sentences. They are called conjunctions. ‘and’, ‘but’ এবং ‘or' শব্দগুলি একাধিক শব্দ বা শব্দগুচ্ছ বা বাক্যাংশের সংযোগকারী হিসেবে ব্যবহৃত হয় । এদের বলা হয় যোজক (Conjunction) | And: We use 'and' to add something similar. e.g.-The father and his son are playing badminton. অনুরূপ বা সমজাতীয় কিছু যোগ করতে ‘এবং" (And) ব্যবহার করা হয়। যেমন- বাবা এবং তার ছেলে ব্যাডমিন্টন খেলছে। (The father and his son are playing badminton) But: We use 'but' when we want to say something opposite to what has already been mentioned. e.g.- I like cricket but I don't like tennis. *কিন্তু’(But) ব্যবহার করা হয় যখন ইতিমধ্যে উল্লেখ করা হয়েছে এমন শব্দের বিপরীত কিছু বলতে চাওয়া হয়। যেমন- আমি ক্রিকেট পছন্দ করি কিন্তু টেনিস পছন্দ করি না। (I like cricket but I don't like tennis.) Or: We use 'or' when only one option is possible. e.g.- We will go to Cox's Bazar next Friday or Saturday. যখন বিকল্প চিন্তা বা বিকল্প সম্ভাবনা বুঝানো হয় তখন 'বা' (Or) ব্যবহৃত হয়। যেমন- আমরা আগামী শুক্রবার বা শনিবার কক্সবাজার যাব। (We will go to Cox's Bazar next Friday or Saturday.) |
8.6 Now, read the following text and write the functions/purposes of the highlighted conjunctions in the sentences. One is done for you.
এবারে, নিচের লেখাটি পড়ো এবং তাতে হাইলাইট করা কনজাংশন বাক্যে কী কাজ করছে তা লেখো। একটি করে দেওয়া হলো।
One day Badal and his elder brother were going to school. His brother was talking, but suddenly he became silent. He was looking unmindful. Badal asked the reason but his brother didn't answer. At school, they saw many people in the playground. There were local people, many students, and some teachers also. They heard the Headteacher say, "We will bring independence, or will die."
| Sentence | The function of the conjunction |
|---|---|
| 1. His brother was talking, but suddenly he became silent. | Connects opposite ideas |
| 2. One day Badal and his elder brother were going to school. | |
| 3. We will bring independence or will die. |
8.7 Read the story below. Now, in groups make a list of prepositions and conjunctions you find in the text in the given table.
নিচের গল্পটি পড়ো। এবার, দলগতভাবে বাক্য থেকে Prepositions ও Conjunctions খুঁঝে বের করে তা লেখো।
Heroes of Bengal
Badal could still remember the day. It was on Sunday, in September of 1971. How old was he at that time? Probably, 14 or 15 years old. Badal with twelve freedom fighters marched to enter Dhaka city. He was young but he dared to fight against the Pakistani army.
It was very early in the morning when the city was sleeping in fear and worry, but the freedom fighters did not have sleep and attacked an army watch station at Jatrabari. They first destroyed a truck in front of the station. Seeing this, the army came with a deadly response. But due to the sudden attack, the Pakistani army could not continue fighting. They had only two options left for them - one was to surrender before the freedom fighters or die. They eventually got shot and died, and the freedom fighters destroyed the station at the price of four freedom fighters. Among the freedom fighters, there was also Badal's elder brother. When he thought of the incident, his eyes filled with tears. But he consoled himself that because of his brother's sacrifice as well as other martyred freedom fighters, we got our independence. They are the real heroes of Bengal!
List of prepositions and conjunctions
| Prepositions | |
|---|---|
| Conjunctions |
8.8 In pairs/groups read the following text and fill the gaps with the appropriate preposition from the box.
দলগতভাবে অথবা জোড়ায় জোড়ায় নিচের লেখাটি পড়ো এবং বক্স থেকে উপযুক্ত শব্দ নিয়ে লেখাটি সম্পূর্ণ করো।
| besides, in, with, under, on, at, by, of, from |
Badal's family lives ........ a village. It's a green village ....... an open blue sky. The village is .... a big river. There is a bridge......... the river. A village hat (market) sits........ one end.......... the village on Thursday. In fact, people can buy and sell fish and vegetables ........ the afternoon every day. Badal's school was one kilometre away...... his home. He used to go to school..... foot with his brother. Often he went to school ........ rickshaw.
8.9 Let's play the game, "Where am I?"!
এসো, “আমি কোথায়” নামের একটা খেলা খেলি।
• Sit on a chair.
• Stand in front of the table.
• Stand beside the table.
• Keep a duster, a whiteboard marker, and a pen on the table.
• Sit under the table.
• Lift hands over the head.
• Keep a pen in hand.
• Keep a waste bin behind the table
8.10 In pairs or groups read the sentences. And then, connect them using 'and', 'but', 'or'.
দলগতভাবে অথবা জোড়ায় জোড়ায় বাক্যগুলো পড়ো এবং and, but, or সঠিকভাবে ব্যবহার করে বাক্যগুলো অর্থবোধক করে তোলো।
a) I like cooking. I like eating.
b) I drank lemonade. I drank a glass of cold water.
c) He reached school on time. His friend was late.
d) I want to go to play. I'm sick.
e) Is it Thursday? Is it Friday today?
f) My mother wants me to be a teacher. My father wants me to be a football player.
g) One day his father went to the market. He bought a football for him.
h) Our Headteacher is honest. Our Headteacher is very friendly.
i) I'm hungry. I have nothing to eat.
8.11 Let's Decorate Our Dream Reading Room
এসো, আমরা আমাদের স্বপ্নের পড়ার ঘর সাজাই।
Work in groups. In the table below, there are many items. Choose the items you want to decorate your reading room with. Then draw your reading room on poster paper, or write the items in places you want to keep them. Finally, describe the poster. Use at least 10 prepositions and conjunctions in your description.
You can start like this
Hello friends! I am Tania and this is my dream reading room. There is a very beautiful river beside my reading room...
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