Graffiti: Art as Protest in the July Revolution

Graffiti is a type of art created in public places like walls, buildings, and streets. It often carries important messages, such as opinions or protests against unfair issues. Graffiti helps people express their feelings and ideas in creative ways.

During the July Revolution of 2024, graffiti became a powerful tool for protest. As part of the protest, students painted a mural with the words, 'Who will bring justice for the murder of martyr Abu Sayeed?' Although the graffiti was erased the next morning, it left a strong impact.

After the fall of the dictatorial government on 5 August 2024, graffiti spread across the nation. Students painted walls to honor martyrs and support the July revolution. Graffiti carried slogans like "Lakho shahider rokte kena, deshta karo baper na!" Walls in Dhaka were filled with symbols like clenched fists and the rising sun.

Graffiti gives freedom of speech and brings attention to ignored issues. Students, artists, and even rickshaw pullers joined together. Donations helped fund the efforts. Apparently, graffiti has become the voice of the people, spreading hope and unity.

Anti-discrimination Student Movement

The Anti-discrimination Student Movement was a big incident in Bangladesh in July 2024, It started as the students were unhappy about the government's quota system for jobs.

In June 2024, the High Court announced a 30% quota for the children of freedom fighters in government jobs. There were already quotas for other groups, which meant only 44% of jobs were left for general applicants. The students thought this was unfair and wanted a change.

This protest was not the first one. Similar protests took place in 2013 and 2018. This time, the students took to the streets again. They blocked roads and became very serious about the protest. The protests grew stronger gradually. On July 15, some armed people attacked the students, injuring many. The protests became more violent, and many students were hurt. The students then turned their protest against the government. On August 3, they made one demand: the government must resign.

Finally, on August 5, the Prime Minister stepped down. The students' unity and hard work helped bring down the government and changed the future of Bangladesh.

Tree Plantation

Trees are the most important element of nature. Men depend much on trees. Trees provide us with oxygen, food, furniture, etc and take in carbondioxide which is harmful to human beings and all animals. So to say, our life on earth largely depends upon trees. But it is a matter of great regret that we are cutting down trees very unwisely for quick profit. It is really a matter of great concern.

First, it is important to know what trees do for us. Trees are useful to us in various ways. Man needs oxygen. In every breath we take oxygen in and leave carbon dioxide out. Trees leave oxygen out and take carbon dioxide in. Thus they provide us with the most necessary thing we need on earth. Trees also give us food and shelter. We cannot live without the help of trees.

But at present people are cutting down trees at a large scale. There are many reasons of cutting down trees. Man is cutting them down mainly for firewood.and furniture. Every day our population is increasing. So, more firewood and furniture are needed for the additional people.

Tropical rain forests are also being cleared at a high rate. It takes thousands of years to grow a tropical rain forest.

But at present they are being cleared at the rate of fourteen square miles per hour.

The effect of deforestation is very harmful and dangerous. For this, 'Greenhouse Effect' has occurred and the temperature of the world is increasing day by day.

Heat waves, have grasped many countries. Ice is melting in the South and the North Poles. The level of water in the sea is increasing. This may lead to worldwide flood. Measures should immediately be taken to prevent deforestation. We should plant five trees if we cut down one. We should also try our best to stop cutting down trees and save the environment. Otherwise, our future will be very difficult and uninhabitable.

Duties of a Student

Student life is the most useful and valuable period in a man's life. This is the time when the seeds of future life are sown. For this, it is called the sowing season in our life. During this period a student has to do certain things to be successful and happy in his future life.

The principal duty of a student is to study and acquire knowledge on various things. He must study according to a routine. He has to be attentive to his studies and teachers. He should also read newspapers, magazines, literature, history, etc.

A student should remember that character is the crown of a man. So he has to cultivate good manners and other noble virtues. All moral qualities like honesty, modesty, truthfulness, discipline, perseverance, sincerity. punctuality must be acquired during this time.

He should also render some services to his society and country. He should make the illiterate literate. He can make the farmers aware of the modern methods of cultivation. In population control, he can play an important role.

A student must obey and honour his parents. When they are sick, helpless or old, he must serve them. He should also be obedient to his teachers and other superiors.

A student must not waste his time and energy. So he must possess a sound health by taking regular physical exercise, taking part in games and sports. Moreover, he must always avoid evil company.

Besides, a student may have the knowledge of politics but he must not take part in active politics. It is because many political parties and their unethical leaders use them only for their selfish interest.

In case of national emergencies like floods, tornadoes, storms, etc. he must not sit idle. He must extend his helping hands during these times.

To reap the good and expected harvest of success in future, a student must sow good seeds during his student life. Otherwise, it will bring him utter failure, untold sorrows, miseries and repentance.

My Country

The name of my country is Bangladesh. It is a small country. It is in the South East Asia. Its area is 1,48,460 square kilometres. It became independent on the 16th December of 1971.

Dhaka is the capital of Bangladesh. The state language of the country is Bangla. Bangladesh is an over-populated country. More than 160 ngillion people live here. Most of them are Muslims. The others are Hindus, Buddhists and Christians.

The national dress for men is payjama and panjabi and for women it is sari. But the educated people wear trousers and shirts and young women wear salwar and kamiz. Village people wear lungis and shirts.

Bangladesh is an agricultural country. Most of our people are farmers. Some are office-goers, businessmen, doctors, engineers, fishermen, weavers, carpenters, etc. Others are day labourers.

Bangladesh is a land of rivers. The Brahmaputra, the Jamuna, the Meghna, the Padma and the Karnafuli are the main rivers of Bangladesh.

The land of Bangladesh is very fertile. Various kinds of crops and fruits are grown here. Rice is our staple food. Jute and tea are our main cash crops. Mangoes, jackfruits, pine-apples, papayas, coconuts, oranges, palms, guavas, bananas are very delicious and nutritious fruits of Bangladesh.

There are six seasons in our country. They are: summer, rainy season, autumn, late autumn, winter and spring.

Bangladesh is a land of natural beauty. Numerous trees of different sizes have added to the beauty to a great extent.

I love my country with all my heart. I will do my best to serve my country.

The Birds of Bangladesh

Bangladesh is endowed with many natural gifts. Its climate, soil, marshes, rivers, canals, bills, haors, green fields, forests all have made it a suitable and ideal home for various kinds of birds to live in. From dawn to dusk we see many kinds of birds here and there. Their difference in colour, size and nature fascinates us.

The cuckoo, the doel, the bau-katha-kao, the shama, the moyna, the koel are prominent singing birds of Bangladesh. The cuckoo is the most popular of all singing birds. It appears at the advent of the spring. The doel is our national bird.

Another familiar bird in our country is the crow. When it caws at dawn, we know that the night is over. It is very clever but its voice is harsh and it looks ugly. It steals foods. It is very unpopular. Very often sitting upon electric wires or trees it emptics its bowel upon passer-by.

The dove, the pigeon, the heron, the partridge, the goose are some common birds of Bangladesh. Their meat is tasty and delicious.. The sparrow is another common bird.

The parrot and the moyna are talking birds. They can imitate the voice of man. So some people keep them as pets.

The kite, the hawk and the vulture are the birds of prey.

They prey upon chickens and ducklings. The crane and the kingfisher are found near watery places. They live on fish. The woodpecker is a pretty bird with a strong bill. These birds have keen eyes and sharp nails.

The birds of our country are our valuable assets. In many respects they are helpful to us. Many of them help in spreading the seeds of trees in different places. Thus they help in afforestation. Some of them eat up rubbish and many harmful insects and worms. Others add to the beauty of Nature. So we should not kill birds. We should plant more trees to provide them with dwelling places.