SOFR: Secured Overnight Financing Rate

SWIFT: Society for Worldwide Interbank Financial Telecommunication

Cash Reserve Ratio (CRR): It is the percentage of a bank's total deposits that must be kept as cash reserve with the central bank.

Fiscal Policy: It is the government's policy of using taxation and public spending to influence the economy.

The process is called securitization.

It is a financial process where a bank (or lender) sells its loans—such as mortgages or car loans—to a third party (often a special purpose vehicle, SPV). That entity then pools or bundles those loans together and converts them into tradable securities (like mortgage-backed securities), which are sold to investors.