Accreditation Board for Engineering and Technology (ABET) of the United States defines engineering as: 'The profession in which a knowledge of the mathematical and natural sciences gained by study, experience, and practice is applied with judgement to develop waya to utilize, economically, the materials and forces of nature for the benefit of mankined.' One who practices engineering is called an engineer, and those licensed to do so have formal designations such as Professional Engineers, Charted Engineers of Incorporated Engineers. Engineers use their knowledge of science, mathematics and appropriate experience to find suitable solutions to a problem. Creating an appropriate mathematical model of a problem allows them to analyze it and to test potential solutions. Usually multiple reasonable solutions exist, so engineers must evaluate the different design choices on their merits and choose the solution that best meets their requirements. Engineers typically attempt to predict how well their designs will perform to their specifications prior to full-scale production. They use, among other things, prototypes, scale models, simulations, destructive tests, nondestructive tests, and stress tests. Testing ensures their responsibility to produce designs that will perform as expected and will not cause unintended harm to the public at large. Engineers typically include a factor of safety in their designs to reduce the risk of unexpected failure. However, the greater the safety factor, the less efficient the design may be.

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