Case study : SVB Fallout.

Silicon Valley Bank (SVB) was the largest bank by deposits in Silicon Valley because of its specially designed services for tech investors. In 2022, SVB began to incur sleep losses, following increased interest rates and major downturn in growth in the tech industry, with the bank heavily concentrated in long term treasury bonds. As of 31 December 2022, SVB had mark to market accounting unrealized losses in excess of $ 15 billion for securities held to maturity.

Regulatory filings from December 2022 estimated that more than 85% of deposits were uninsured. SVB was without the Chief Risk Officer (CRO) for about eight months in 2022. On top of that regulatory standards for SVB were too low; the supervision of SVB was not done with sufficient force and urgency. In March 2023, after the central bank endorsed interest hike, there was a bank run on its deposits which led to its collapse. The failure of SVB was the largest of any bank since the 2007-2008, financial crisis by assets and the second largest in US history behind that of Washington mutual.

Based on the information above and other published information, answer the following questions :