Read the passage on Nelson Mandela and then answer the questions no. 4 and 5.

Nelson Mandela was born in Transkei, South Africa, on 18 July, 1918. He joined the African National Congress in 1944 and was engaged in resistance against the ruling National Party's apartheid policies. In November 1962 he was sentenced to five years in prison and started serving his sentence at Robben Island Prison in 1963. From 1964 to 1982 he was again imprisoned at Robben Island Prison and then later moved to Polismoor prison, during which his reputation as a potent symbol of resistance to the anti-apartheid movement grew steadily. Released from prison in 1990, Mandela won the Nobel Peace Prize in 1993 and was inaugurated as the first democratically elected president of South Africa in 1994. He is the author of the international best seller book named 'Long Walk to Freedom' and 'Conversations with Myself. Mandela was the first black president of South Africa. He was in prison from 1962 to 1990. He became the president of South Africa in 1994 and retired in 1999. He spent 27 years in the prison for trying to overthrow the pro-apartheid government. After he left prison, he worked to achieve human rights and a better future for everyone in South Africa. Nelson Mandela died on 5 December, 2013 following a lungs illness.