
Verb āĻāĻžāĻā§ āĻŦāϞā§?
āϝ⧠āĻļāĻŦā§āĻĻ āĻĻā§āĻŦāĻžāϰāĻž āĻā§āύ āĻĒā§āϰāĻāĻžāϰ āĻāĻžāĻ āĻāϰāĻž/āĻšāĻā§āĻž āĻŦā§āĻāĻžā§ āϤāĻžāĻā§āĻ Verb āĻŦāϞā§āĨ¤ āϝā§āĻŽāύ, go, eat, sleep, buy, sell, walk, run, see, play, write, give etc.
Verb āĻā§ āĻāĻāϰā§āĻāĻŋ sentence āĻāϰ āĻšā§āĻĻā§ āĻŦāϞāĻž āĻšā§āĨ¤ Verb āĻāĻžā§āĻž āĻā§āύ sentence āĻāĻ āύ āĻāϰāĻž āϏāĻŽā§āĻāĻŦ āύā§āĨ¤
The verb is an important part of speech. Without the verb, no sentence can be formed. It shows a physical or mental action.
Example:
- We play cricket.
- He writes a letter.
- He gave me a glass of water.
Verb āĻāϰ āĻĒā§āϰāĻāĻžāϰāĻā§āĻĻ:
There are many types of verbs. Some are discussed below:
- Finite verb
- Non-finite verbs
- Action verbs
- Auxiliary verbs
- Linking verbs
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Finite Verb:
Finite Verb āĻŦāĻžāĻā§āϝā§āϰ āĻĒā§āϰāϧāĻžāύ verb āĻšāϤ⧠āĻĒāĻžāϰ⧠āĻāĻŦāĻ āĻŦāĻžāĻā§āϝ āĻāĻ āύā§āϰ āĻā§āώā§āϤā§āϰ⧠subject āĻāϰ number āĻāĻŦāĻ person āĻāϰ āϏāĻžāĻšāĻžāϝā§āϝ⧠āĻāĻ verb āĻāϰ form āύāĻŋāϰā§āϧāĻžāϰāĻŖ āĻāϰāĻž āĻšā§āĨ¤
A Finite verb can come as the main verb in a sentence, and it changes according to the tenses of the action and the number and person of the subject.
Example: Afroza works in a bank.
Non-finite Verb:
Non-finite verb āĻāĻāύ⧠main verb āĻšāϤ⧠āĻĒāĻžāϰ⧠āύāĻžāĨ¤ Non-finite verb āĻŦāĻžāĻā§āϝ⧠āϏāĻžāϧāĻžāϰāĻŖāϤ adjective āĻ
āĻĨāĻŦāĻž adverb āĻšāĻŋāϏā§āĻŦā§ āĻāĻžāĻ āĻāϰ⧠āĻāĻŋāύā§āϤ⧠verb āĻšāĻŋāϏā§āĻŦā§ āύā§āĨ¤
Non-finite verbs canât be main verbs.
Example: Coming home, I saw the man running away.
There are three types of non-finite verbs.
- Infinitives: to do, to eat, to drink, to dance
- Participles: doing, done, eating, eaten, drinking, drunk
- Gerunds: walking, swimming, running
Action verb:
Action verb, Subject āĻāϰ āĻāĻžāĻāĻā§ āĻŦāϰā§āĻŖāύāĻž āĻāϰā§āĨ¤ āϝā§āĻā§āύ āĻāĻžāĻāĻā§āĻ action verb āĻšāĻŋāϏā§āĻŦā§ āĻŦāĻŋāĻŦā§āĻāύāĻž āĻāϰāĻž āϝāĻžā§āĨ¤
Action verbs express actions. They complete the sentence and describe the subjectâs action.
Example:
- Iâll do my work.
- She watches TV.
Action verbs are of two types:
- Transitive verbs
- Intransitive verbs
Transitive Verb:
Transitive verb āϏāĻŦāϏāĻŽā§ āĻāĻāĻāĻŋ direct object āĻĻāĻžāĻŦāĻŋ āĻāϰā§āĨ¤ Direct object āύāĻž āĻāϏāϞ⧠āϝ⧠āĻŦāĻžāĻā§āϝāĻāĻŋ āĻ
āϏā§āĻŽā§āĻĒā§āϰā§āύ āĻŽāύ⧠āĻšā§, āϏā§āĻ āĻŦāĻžāĻā§āϝ⧠transitive verb āĻŦā§āϝāĻŦāĻšā§āϤ āĻšā§āĨ¤
Example:
- He is watching (āĻāĻāĻžāύā§, āĻā§āϞāĻŋāĻāĻŋāĻļāύ āĻāĻāĻāĻŋ direct object. āĻāĻāĻŋ āĻāĻžā§āĻž āĻŦāĻžāĻā§āϝ āĻ
āϏā§āĻŽā§āĻĒā§āϰā§āύāĨ¤)
- I saw a (āĻāĻāĻžāύā§, Tiger āĻāĻāĻāĻŋ object.)
Intransitive Verb:
Intransitive verb āĻāϰ āĻā§āύ object āĻĒā§āϰā§ā§āĻāύ āĻšā§ āύāĻžāĨ¤ āϤāĻžāϰāĻž āύāĻŋāĻā§ āύāĻŋāĻā§āĻ āĻŦāĻžāĻā§āϝ āϏāĻŽā§āĻĒā§āϰā§āĻŖ āĻāϰāϤ⧠āĻĒāĻžāϰā§āĨ¤
They donât have a direct object.
Example:
- He reached.
- He goes to school.
Linking verbs:
Linking verb āϏāĻžāϧāĻžāϰāĻŖāϤ āĻāĻ āϏāĻāϞ verb āĻā§ āĻŦā§āĻāĻžā§ āϝā§āĻā§āϞ⧠āĻā§āύ āĻāĻžāĻ āϏāĻŽā§āĻĒāύā§āύ āĻāϰ⧠āύāĻž āĻŦāϰāĻ subject āĻāϰ āϏāĻžāĻĨā§ āĻŦāĻžāĻā§āϝā§āϰ āĻŦāĻžāĻāĻŋ āĻ
āĻāĻļā§āϰ āϝā§āĻāĻžāϝā§āĻ āϏā§āĻĨāĻžāĻĒāύ āĻāϰā§āĨ¤ āϏāĻžāϧāĻžāϰāĻŖāϤ, Be verb āĻā§āϞ⧠āϝāĻāύ main verb āĻšāĻŋāϏā§āĻŦā§ sentence āĻ āĻŦā§āϝāĻŦāĻšā§āϤ āĻšā§ āϤāĻāύ āϏā§āĻā§āϞā§āĻā§ Linking Verbs āĻŦāϞāĻž āϝāĻžā§āĨ¤
Linking Verbs can behave both either main verbs or auxiliary verbs. They do not refer to actions, but represent a state of being, need, opinion, desire or senses. For example, be verbs (am, is, are, was, were, have, has, hadâĻ.) are the example of no-action verbs. Smell, look, taste, sound, etc. are also called no-action verbs.
Example:
- He is a teacher.
- They have three children.
Auxiliary Verb:
Auxiliary Verb āĻšāĻā§āĻā§ āϏāĻžāĻšāĻžāϝā§āϝāĻāĻžāϰ⧠verbāĨ¤ āϤāĻžāϰāĻž present participle āĻāĻŦāĻ past participle āĻā§ āĻŦāĻžāĻā§āϝ⧠verb āĻšāĻŋāϏā§āĻŦā§ āĻāĻžāĻ āĻāϰāϤ⧠āϏāĻžāĻšāĻžāϝā§āϝ āĻāϰā§āĨ¤ āϤāĻžāĻĻā§āϰ āύāĻŋāĻāϏā§āĻŦ āĻā§āύ āϏāĻŽā§āĻĒā§āϰā§āĻŖ āĻ
āϰā§āĻĨ āύāĻž āĻĨāĻžāĻāϞā§āĻ āĻŦā§āϝāĻžāĻāϰāĻŖāĻāϤ āĻĻāĻŋāĻ āĻĨā§āĻā§ āĻŦāĻžāĻā§āϝā§āϰ āĻāĻ āĻŖ āύāĻŋāϰā§āĻŽāĻžāύ⧠āϤāĻžāĻĻā§āϰ āĻā§āϰā§āϤā§āĻŦāĻĒā§āϰā§āĻŖ āĻā§āĻŽāĻŋāĻāĻž āϰā§ā§āĻā§āĨ¤
Auxiliary verbs are also called helping verbs. It helps another verb to form its mood, voice, tense, etc. They donât have any meaning on their own, but they are very important to make the grammatical structure of the sentences. They help the main verbs.
They are two types:
- Primary Auxiliary
- Modal Auxiliary
Primary auxiliary:
Have, Do, and Be are known as primary auxiliaries.
Have
Have, has, had, having, had not .
Example: He has bought a new car. (āĻāĻāĻžāύ⧠has āĻāĻāĻāĻŋ auxiliary verb)
Do
Do, does, done, to do, did, did not, does not, etc.
Example: He does not keep his work for tomorrow.
Be
Am, is, are, was, were, be, to be, been, was not, were not, etc.
Example: He is watching the tournament.
Modal Auxiliary:
Modal Auxiliary āϏāĻžāϧāĻžāϰāĻŖāϤ āĻŽā§āϞ verb āĻāϰ āĻ
āϰā§āĻĨāĻā§ āĻĒā§āϰāĻāĻžāĻŦāĻŋāϤ āĻāϰ⧠āĻāĻŋāύā§āϤ⧠āϤāĻžāϰāĻžāĻ āϏāĻžāĻšāĻžāϝā§āϝāĻāĻžāϰ⧠verb āĻšāĻŋāϏā§āĻŦā§āĻ āĻŦāĻžāĻā§āϝ⧠āĻŦā§āϝāĻŦāĻšā§āϤ āĻšā§āĨ¤
A modal auxiliary modifies the meaning of the main verb in some way. Shall, should, can, could, may, might, ought, ought to, will, would, must, etc. are known as modal auxiliary verbs.
Example:
- He may come home tomorrow.
- You should not run in the sun.
- You can take rest now.