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'Heritage' is what we inherit from the past, live within the present and then pass on to our children or future generation. Our unique source of life and inspiration is our cultural and natural heritage. When we speak of World Heritage', it indicates places and sites that we inherited from the past and pass on to the future generation of the entire world.

'The Shat Gambuj Mosque' in Bagerhat is such a heritage. It became a UNESCO World Heritage site in 1985.

Originally, the historic Mosque city was known as 'Khalifatabad'. It is situated at the outskirts of Bagerhat town-not very far from the dense Mangrove forest of the Sundarbans. Khalifatabad was a Muslim colony. It was founded by the Turkish general, a saint warrior Ulugh Khan Jahan in the 15th century. The infrastructure of the city reveals significant technical skills in many Mosques as well as early Islamic monuments. Baked bricks were used for the construction of the buildings. The planning of the city was dominated by the tradition of Islamic architecture and the decorations were a combination of Mughal and Turkish architecture. Khan Jahan built a network of roads, bridges, public buildings and reservoirs to make the city habitable. There were about 360 mosques in the city. Among them the most remarkable is the multi-domed Shat Gombuj Mosque. The mosque is unique in the sense that it has 60 pillars that support the roof, with 77 low height domes. The 4 towers at 4 corners have smaller domes at the top as well. The vast prayer hall has 11 arched doorways on the east and 7 each on the North and South for light and ventilation. It has 7 aisles running along the length of the Mosque and 11 deep curves between the slender stone columns. These columns support the curving arches created by the domes. The thickness of the arches is 6 feet and have slightly narrowing hollow and round wall.

The west wall in the interior has 11 'Mihrabs' (niche in mosque pointing towards Makkah). These mihrabs are decorated with stone work and terracotta. The floor of the Mosque is made of brick. Besides being used as a prayer hall, Khan Jahan used the Mosque as his court too. Today, it is one of the greatest tourist attractions and one of the best architectural beauties of Bangladesh.

Answer the following questions: 

'World Heritage' indicates places and sites that we inherited from the past and pass on to the future generation of the entire world.

World Heritage refers to places and sites across the globe that hold outstanding universal value, making them significant for all humanity. These are natural and cultural treasures inherited from our ancestors, existing in the present, and intended to be preserved for future generations worldwide. The concept aims to identify, protect, and conserve these sites due to their cultural, historical, scientific, or other forms of significance. Organizations like UNESCO play a crucial role in designating and safeguarding these unique places, ensuring their enduring legacy.

The infrastructure of the city reveals significant technical skills in many Mosques as well as early Islamic monuments.

The city of Khalifatabad, founded by Ulugh Khan Jahan in the 15th century, was a testament to the advanced architectural and engineering prowess of its time. The use of baked bricks for construction, along with the sophisticated planning that incorporated Islamic architectural traditions and a blend of Mughal and Turkish decorative styles, showcased remarkable technical skills. Furthermore, Khan Jahan's efforts to establish a comprehensive network of roads, bridges, public buildings, and reservoirs indicate a highly developed understanding of urban planning and infrastructure development, which was quite significant for that era.

The Shat Gambuj Mosque served a dual purpose in the historic city of Khalifatabad. Primarily, it functioned as a grand prayer hall for the Muslim community, reflecting its religious significance. Additionally, its founder, the Turkish general Ulugh Khan Jahan, utilized the vast structure as his court. This indicates that the mosque was not only a spiritual center but also played a role in the administrative and social life of the 15th-century colony.

The Shat Gambuj Mosque is unique due to its distinctive architectural features and the sheer scale of its construction. It stands out for its multi-domed structure and the specific way its roof is supported.

Specifically, the mosque is unique because it features 60 pillars that intricately support its roof, which is adorned with 77 low-height domes. Additionally, each of the four corners of the mosque has a tower topped with smaller domes, adding to its architectural complexity.

Furthermore, its vast prayer hall is designed with 11 arched doorways on the east and 7 on both the North and South sides, ensuring ample light and ventilation. The interior boasts 7 aisles running along its length and 11 deep curves between slender stone columns, which expertly support the curving arches formed by the numerous domes. These elements collectively make the Shat Gambuj Mosque a truly unique and remarkable architectural marvel.

Khan Jahan built a network of roads, bridges, public buildings and reservoirs.

To make the city of Khalifatabad livable, Khan Jahan, the founder of the city, undertook several important infrastructural developments. He established a comprehensive network of roads and bridges to ensure smooth transportation and connectivity within the settlement. Additionally, he constructed various public buildings to serve the community's needs and built reservoirs to provide a stable water supply for the residents. These efforts transformed Khalifatabad into a well-planned and habitable Muslim colony during the 15th century, highlighting his vision and technical prowess.