This pen writes well. (Passive voice) (Change form of the sentence)

To transform an assertive sentence like "Nobody believes a liar" into an interrogative form, particularly when the sentence contains negative pronouns such as 'nobody,' 'no one,' or 'none,' a common method is to replace the negative pronoun with 'Who' and construct the rest of the sentence in the affirmative (positive) form. This conversion aims to convey the same meaning but as a question.

In this specific case, "Nobody believes a liar" directly translates to "Who believes a liar?" because 'nobody' is replaced by 'who,' and the verb 'believes' remains positive. An alternative transformation could be "Does anybody believe a liar?", where 'nobody' is changed to 'anybody' and the auxiliary verb 'does' is used to form the interrogative structure.

They think him to be a poet.

This sentence is an example of changing from passive to active voice. In the original passive sentence, "He is thought to be a Poet by them," the agent performing the action ("them") is introduced by "by." The subject "He" is receiving the action of being thought of.

    
• To convert to active voice, the agent ("them") becomes the subject ("They") of the active sentence.
    
• The passive verb "is thought" (present indefinite tense) transforms into its active form, "think."
    
• The original subject of the passive sentence ("He") becomes the object ("him") in the active sentence.
    
• The infinitive phrase "to be a Poet" remains an objective complement, describing the object "him."

Thus, the active form clearly states who is performing the action: "They think him to be a poet."

When converting a direct speech sentence into indirect speech, several changes occur to ensure the reported statement is grammatically correct and reflects the shift in narration. Here's a breakdown of the changes applied:

    
• Reporting Verb: The reporting verb "said to me" is changed to "told me." If the reporting verb is followed by an object, "said to" usually changes to "told."
    
• Conjunction: The inverted commas are removed, and the conjunction "that" is typically used to introduce the reported speech.
    
• Pronoun Change: The pronoun "We" in the direct speech changes to "they" in indirect speech. This change depends on the subject of the reporting verb and the context of the reported speech. Since "He" is the speaker, "We" refers to a group that excludes "He" and "me," hence "they."
    
• Tense Change: Since the reporting verb "said" is in the past tense, the tense of the verb in the reported speech changes accordingly. "are" (Present Simple) changes to "were" (Past Simple).
    
• Punctuation: The inverted commas (" ") are removed, and a full stop is used at the end of the sentence.

Converting an imperative sentence from Indirect Speech to Direct Speech involves reverting the reported action to its original command or request form.

Here's a breakdown of the conversion process for the given sentence:

    
• Reporting Verb: In the indirect speech "I advised him to wait," the verb "advised" indicates a suggestion or command. In direct speech, this is typically represented by a reporting verb like "said to," "told," "asked," "ordered," or "requested," followed by the exact words spoken. For a simple imperative, "said to" is often appropriate.
    
• Structure Change: The indirect form "to wait" (an infinitive phrase) implies an imperative command in direct speech. Therefore, it changes back to the base form of the verb "Wait!"
    
• Quotation Marks and Punctuation: The exact words of the speaker are enclosed within quotation marks. A comma typically separates the reporting clause ("I said to him") from the reported speech.

Thus, "I advised him to wait" transforms into "I said to him, 'Wait.'"