Based on your reading of the passage, make short notes in each of the boxes in the flow-chart showing different characteristics of dreams. (No. 1 has been done for you):

Dreams have fascinated philosophers for thousands of years, but only recently have dreams been subjected to empirical research and scientific study. Chances are that you've often found yourself puzzling over the content of a dream, or perhaps you've wondered why you dream at all. First, let's start by answering a basic question: What is a dream? A dream can include any of the images, thoughts and emotions that are experienced during sleep. Dreams can be extraordinarily vivid or very vague; filled with joyful emotions or frightening images; 

focused and understandable or unclear and confusing. Why do we dream? What purpose do dreams serve? While many theories have been proposed about the reason and function of dreams, no consensus has emerged. Considering the time we spend in a dreaming state, the fact that researchers do not yet understand the purpose of dreams may seem baffling. However, it is important to consider that science is still unraveling the exact purpose and function of sleep itself. Some researchers suggest that dreams serve no real purpose, while others believe that dreaming is essential to mental, emotional and physical well-being.

1. Extraordinarily vivid

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These lines are from the poem "Dreams" by Langston Hughes.

Langston Hughes was a prominent African American poet, social activist, novelist, playwright, and columnist, known for his insightful portrayals of black life in America from the twenties through the sixties.

In the line "Life is a broken-winged bird that cannot fly," Hughes uses a powerful metaphor to emphasize the importance of dreams. He suggests that without dreams, life loses its vitality and potential, much like a bird with broken wings that is incapable of flying and thus fulfilling its natural purpose. Dreams give life direction and hope; without them, life becomes stunted and devoid of possibility.

Culture plays a significant role in shaping the identities and behaviors of adolescents. It influences their values, beliefs, and norms, which in turn affect how they perceive themselves and interact with the world. Through cultural practices and traditions, adolescents learn what is expected of them within their community. Media and technology also contribute to cultural influences, exposing adolescents to a variety of perspectives and lifestyles. Peer groups, heavily influenced by cultural context, play a crucial role in social development and the formation of social norms. Overall, culture provides a framework within which adolescents navigate their formative years, impacting their choices, aspirations, and sense of belonging.

Biodiversity is crucial for maintaining the balance of ecosystems that provide essential services to human life. It ensures the availability of a wide range of resources such as food, clean water, and medicines. Diverse ecosystems are more resilient to environmental changes and disasters, protecting against the impacts of climate change. Biodiversity also supports agricultural productivity by maintaining healthy soil and pollinating crops. Economically, it contributes to industries like tourism, agriculture, and pharmaceuticals. Ultimately, the health of our planet and the sustainability of human livelihoods are deeply interconnected with the preservation of biodiversity.

A rhyme is a repetition of similar sounding words, occurring at the end of lines in poems or songs. Writers use rhyme to create a musical quality in their work, which can enhance the aesthetic pleasure of reading. Rhymes help to unify a poem's structure and can emphasize particular words or themes, making the poem more memorable and engaging. Additionally, rhyme can establish a rhythm, aiding in the flow and pacing of the poem. This rhythmic quality can also evoke certain emotions or moods, reinforcing the poem's overall impact.

it is one of the great speeches all over the world. his bold speech helped us to get freedom. so beyond all, it is very important in our national and international life.

Bangladesh has many heritage place.