Write an essay on the following: The Padma Shetu, a Golden Dream of Bangladesh' [Hits: Introduction-Inception of the Idea and Plan-How it started to work-obstacles it forced It's specialty- Impacts on Bangladesh-Conclusion]

Created: 2 years ago | Updated: 9 months ago
Updated: 9 months ago
Ans :

                                                                                              The Padma Shetu, a Golden Dream of Bangladesh

Introduction: The Padma Bridge standing proudly straddling the two banks of mighty Paden is not merely an architectural wonder. It is also the pinnacle of the nation's pride and ambitions. How is this bridge going to benefit the country? Stretching from Mawa point in Munshiganj to Jazira in Shariatpur, the bridge will hopefully contribute 1.23 per cent to the country's GDP growth, while the GDP of south-western region will see a 2.3 per cent growth. So far, the river Padma has been a big barrier to the desired social and economic growth of the 21 districts lying on its other bank and beyond. The bridge has removed that barrier making it easier for investment to flow to those districts. Thus integrated, this part of the country will begin to make its due contribution to the national economy. The achievement of such a miracle has been possible, thanks to the visionary and bold leadership of the prime minister. For it is due to Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina's single-minded will to overcome all odds that the dream bridge could finally see the light of day. 

Inception of the Idea and Plan-How it started to work-obstacles it forced: After coming back in power in 2009, Sheikh Hasina and her dream project faced a major setback as the World Bank cancelled $1.2 billion loan stating that it cannot, should not and will not turn a blind eye to evidence of corruption in the project. Although a Canadian court later dismissed the allegation, the Asian, Development Bank (ADB), Islamic Development Bank (IDB) and the Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) also left the project at a time when Hasina's grip on power was weak. However, Hasina did not leave her dream project behind and seven years later, she again fuelled the construction of the bridge with the national income finally the dream comes true today when she inaugurated the bridge. The successful completion of the project after the World Bank chose to dump it has brought the country invaluable experience in conceiving, financing and executing projects of mega-scale. It has set an admirable example of self-dependency across the world. It is a mega project of Bangladesh completely financed by the Government of Bangladesh. With the construction of the Padma bridge, the Bangladesh government has set an example for other countries in South Asia by constructing the bridge on its own money which will no doubt encourage other countries to come forward to develop good regional connectivity by taking on more projects like this. 

Inception of the plan and idea: The pre-feasibility test of building the Padma Bridge was conducted in 1999 by the Awami League government. On 4 July 2001, the then Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina laid the foundation stone for the construction of the Padma Bridge. After a detailed study, the Japanese donor agency JICA recommended the construction of the Padma Bridge at the Mawa-Jazira end in 2004. The bridge project hit a snag as the World Bank in 2012 cancelled its $1.2 billion credit, saying it had evidence of a corruption conspiracy involving Bangladeshi officials, executives of a Canadian firm and individuals. Work on the main bridge began in November 2014. According to the bridge department, Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina inaugurated the construction of the main bridge on 12 December 2015. The first span of the Padma Bridge was installed in 2017. It took about three years and two months to install the remaining 40 spans. After the delay caused by flood situation and global coronavirus pandemic, 10 spans were installed in the last two months.

With the installation of the 41st span today (10 December) the entire 6.15km bridge from Munshiganj's Mawa to Shariatpur's Zajira is visible. The government is planning to open the Padma Bridge to traffic in December 2021. However, the relevant sources say, it may take a little more time. 

It's specialty: According to experts, it is second only to the Amazon River in the world in terms of water flow. Originating from the Himalayas, Padma came to Rajshahi over India and took its name. The river joins the Jamuna at Goalanda and the Meghna at Chandpur to the east. According to official sources, the maximum depth of the Padma is 1,561 feet (479 meters) and the average depth is 968 feet (295 meters). Studies say, the water that flows at Mawa Point every 20 seconds is equal to the water used in the capital all day. I lakh 40 thousand cubic meters of water flows in the Padma every second. The soil at the bottom of the river is usually very soft like a layer of sand. Whatever is to be ingested is like swallowing. In other countries, bedrock is easily found at the bottom of rivers when Padma shown exception. The Bedrock in Padma is being found in much deeper. The water level from the bottom of the river Padma is equal to that of a 13-storey building. Ganga on one side, Brahmaputra on the other- the waters of these two huge and long rivers of South Asia are named after this Padma in the Bay of Bengal. These two rivers carry the most sediment in the world. Many areas of Bangladesh have been formed by the siltation of the two rivers. The river is about six kilometers wide at the bridge construction site. The bridge has to cope with the pressure of the current coming down from the upper reaches. 

Impacts on Bangladesh: Reliable infrastructure plays a key role in economic growth. Studies have found positive relationship between infrastructure and economic output in many countries. This happens through gross domestic capital formation, employment, trade and human capital. Good infrastructure enhances productive capacity and improves competitiveness of a country. There is ample evidence that infrastructure and output are mutually beneficial. That is, infrastructure boosts output and higher output also leads to better infrastructure. The Padma Bridge is estimated to increase the GDP of the country by more than one percent. It will benefit about three crore people across 21 south-western districts of Bangladesh. These districts will be connected with the growth centres through better connectivity. They can be used as economic corridors. This will create opportunities for employment and income. The transportation system will be improved as movement of people will be enhanced. Supply chains within the country will be connected better. Goods and services will move smoothly from one place to another. People from the south-western parts of the country are also expected to have better access to education, healthcare and other services. Not only will people move to the urban areas easily, opportunities will also come to the rural areas. This will change the rural economy which is already undergoing transformation. The share of the agriculture sector to the GDP of the country has declined significantly with the emergence of non-farm activities in the rural areas. This was facilitated by several factors including better communication and connectivity. 

How it started to work: The Padma Bridge has its eventful history. We all know the historical events of its making. After hiring consultants in 2009, they started working. Development partners and lenders expressed interest in lending for the Padma Bridge project. A loan proposal was given by World Bank offering 1000 million dollars, ADB 500 million dollars, JICA 300 million dollars at very low interest rates. After talks between the bridge division and lenders the proposal for the two- storied bridge like one in Denmark was granted. Its cost was earmarked at 2.4 million dollars or 16,970 crore taka. A four-lane road will be built on the steel-based infrastructure, and under the bridge a rail line will be built. Development partners finalised the debt proposal. Papers were signed to allocate 1200 million dollars from World Bank, 615 million from ADB, 430 million from Japan and 140 million from IDB. In 2010 expenditure of the bridge was fixed at 2,972 million dollars or Tk 20,507 crore. In 2011 the World Bank stated that they found credible evidence of corruption conspiracy and then refused to sanction the proposed loan. Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina told the World Bank to prove this type of allegation. World Bank complained to Canadian Royal MountedPolice against Canadian firm SNC-Lavalin. After that a case was filed in Canada. On 28th June 2012 World Bank's president Robert Zoellick cancelled the debt contract of Padma Bridge. Then other debt firms and donors also went back. The secretary of the ministry of bridge was sent on forced retirement. That time the secretary was Mosharraf Hossain Bhuiyan. World Bank directed Anti-Corruption Commission (ACC) to file a case against former minister of communication Syed Abul Hossain, former minister of state Abul Hasan Chowdhury and Finance Adviser Dr. Mashiur Rahman. ACC however arrested former secretary Mosharraf Hossain Bhuiyan. He lost his job also. But World Bank did not give the loan assistance at all. Due to the delay of the World Bank, Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina on January 31, 2013 rejected the loan of the World Bank and announced the construction of the Padma Bridge with own funds. This was a bold decision. Historical decision. Work on the Padma Bridge was inaugurated in 2015. The first span of the Padma Bridge was laid in 2016. The last span was set up on 10 December 2020. 

Conclusion: The Padma Multipurpose Bridge will transform the lives of nearly 30 million people living in thecountry's southwest region, promoting industrial and commercial activities and increasing economic andemployment opportunities, according to various studies and reviews on the major economic impact ofthe bridge project. At least 30 million people, almost one fifth of the country's total population, will directly benefit from the bridge.

2 years ago

English

চাকরি প্রস্তুতির জন্য ইংরেজি বিষয়ের পাঠ্যসূচি মূলত দুইটি অংশে বিভক্ত— English GrammarEnglish Literature। English Grammar অংশে ইংরেজি ভাষার গঠন ও নিয়ম শেখানো হয়। এর মধ্যে রয়েছে Parts of Speech, যেমন Noun, Pronoun, Verb, Adjective, Adverb ইত্যাদি; Tense (Present, Past ও Future); Voice (Active ও Passive); Narration (Direct ও Indirect Speech); Article (A, An, The); Right Form of Verb ও Subject–Verb Agreement; Preposition; Degree of Comparison; Sentence-এর প্রকারভেদ; Transformation of Sentence; Conditional Sentence এবং Modal Verbs। এই অংশে মূলত নিয়ম জানা ও নিয়মভিত্তিক বহুনির্বাচনী প্রশ্ন অনুশীলন করা জরুরি।

অন্যদিকে ইংরেজি সাহিত্য (English Literature) বলতে মূলত ইংরেজি ভাষায় রচিত বিভিন্ন যুগের সাহিত্যকর্মকে (কবিতানাটকউপন্যাসপ্রবন্ধ) বোঝায়যার সূচনা ৮ম-১১শ শতাব্দীতে ‘বিউলফ’ (Beowulf) নামক মহাকাব্যের মাধ্যমে । জিওফ্রে চসারকে ইংরেজি সাহিত্যের জনক বলা হয় । বিভিন্ন সাহিত্য যুগের (যেমন: রেনেসাঁরোমান্টিকভিক্টোরিয়ান) মাধ্যমে এটি বিবর্তিত হয়ে বর্তমান রূপ পেয়েছে । 

Content added || updated By

Related Question

View More

1 . The Importance of Press Freedom (Write an essay)

Created: 3 years ago | Updated: 6 months ago
Updated: 6 months ago

Press freedom takes influential place in a country. It represent citizen’s freedom of speech. Media can expose news without obstructer or any controls by government and organizations. There should not be control over the press. As press freedom is necessary for the preventability of corruption, development of economy and maintenance of democracy. One of the advantages of press freedom is it can help to control on the level of corruption. A country which has higher press freedom tends to lower corruption in government or some private’s agents (Brunetti & Weder, 2003). Sometimes countries might think press free threats the stable of political and it might easy be controlled by different organizations. However, again the most persuasive idea come.

2 . Health for all by the year 2000 (Write an essay)

Created: 3 years ago | Updated: 6 months ago
Updated: 6 months ago

“Health for all” implies the removal of the obstacles to health that is to say, the elimination of malnutrition, ignorance, contaminated drinking-water, and unhygienic housing quite as much as it does the solution of purely medical problems such as a lack of doctors, hospital beds, drugs and vaccines. Health for All in Bangladesh contains the most comprehensive information available about primary health care services in Bangladesh, including activities in maternal and child health care, Family planning, reproductive health care, nutrition, quality of care, and health care financing.

3 . Cluster Villages (Write an essay)

Created: 3 years ago | Updated: 1 year ago
Updated: 1 year ago

Cluster Villages

 

A majority of the Bangladesh population are farmers who are settled in villages. They toil to make both ends meet and produce crops for the entire nation. Bangladesh has about 68,000 villages, which are scattered throughout the country.  A village is called the rural part of the country. It is called rural because it does not have modern facilities like cities. The main occupation of the villagers is farming. They are the primary source of the nation's agricultural production.

 

Description of Villages

Villages have either tiny hamlets of thatched huts or large settlements of tiled roofs, stones, and brick homes. An impression has been created by artists and filmmakers that an Indian village is a simple cluster of mud-plastered walls, shaded by trees, overlooking the large expanses of green fields with a few people moving slowly and of course, bullock carts. They portray a village woman with a pot on her head and walking gracefully, her skirt swaying gently. The reality is that a village is the hub of nonstop activity, with their stronger work ethics. Agriculture is tough and requires hard work. The villagers work very hard and are always trying to find innovative methods of growing wheat, rice, and lentils. 

 

Importance of Village

The village is important because it is the primary sector of agricultural production for our country. The village is the backbone of Bangladesh economy. It also plays a major role in maintaining the ecological balance of the environment. Villages are mostly covered with trees and plants. They are covered with green grasslands. One can see acres of green fields as far as the eyes could see. They provide shelter to many animals. 

Life in Village

The village life is full of contentment and happiness, as people are not in a hurry like in city life. Village people live a very simple life. Villages are mostly situated far from the hustle and bustle of urban civilization. The beauty of nature can be experienced in a village as it is surrounded by trees, flowers, mountains, streams, and farmlands. There is no pollution in the village and one can feel the freshness in the breeze. The demands of the villagers are not too high but they are still deprived of basic facilities. Clean drinking water, electricity, health center, schools, proper sanitation are a few facilities that are lacking in the villages. Their poverty is always visible in the atmosphere. 

Conclusion

My village is a small abode for happy people.  Here they live in harmony and peace. The village people are very hardworking and thus they must have a good source of upliftment. Like the village’s schools and clinics should be maintained and increased in number. The farmers should be facilitated by helping them to leverage their sales, make them notified about the modern techniques used in farming, and give them compensation and knowledge of the true market price of their crops. Thus, I would request governmental authorities to come forward and uplift the medical, educational, and farming facilities in the village.

4 . Problems of urban living in Bangladesh (Write an essay)

Created: 3 years ago | Updated: 1 year ago
Updated: 1 year ago

Problems of urban living in Bangladesh

Cities in Bangladesh are faced with the challenges of rapid population increase characterized by crises such as lack of economic dynamism, governance failure, severe infrastructure and service deficiencies, inadequate land administration, massive slums and social breakdown. However, urban centers continue to grow, despite the severity of these obstacles. As a result, urban areas in Bangladesh have exceptionally high population density, but relatively low economic density. High population density, combined with rapid urbanization, implies a large and fast-growing urban population to manage. Dhaka city, the largest urban conurbation in Bangladesh, is one of the most densely populated urban areas in the world. However, the economic density of Bangladesh’s urban areas (GDP or value-added per square km) is relatively low from an international perspective. Economic activity is concentrated in Dhaka and Chittagong. About 9% of the Bangladesh population lives in the Dhaka metropolitan area, which contributes to 36% of the country’s GDP. An additional 11% of the Bangladesh GDP is generated by Chittagong, the second-largest city and home to 3% of the population. The economic gap between Dhaka and Chittagong compared to other medium  and small-size cities is large and widening.

 

Bangladesh needs to build an urban space that is capable of innovating, is better connected and more livable in order to make cities competitive. Bangladesh’s urban space is falling behind in all three of these drivers of competitiveness. The Dhaka metro area needs to evolve into a diversified economy with skilled human resources and an innovation capacity fueled by the cross-fertilization of ideas typical of large metropolitan areas. Dhaka metro area also needs to be better connected internally and with its peri-urban areas, and both Dhaka and Chittagong have to strengthen their connection to the global economy. Improved connectivity within Bangladesh’s system of cities is also important for productivity and export competitiveness. The development of an economically dynamic urban space, in particular in the Dhaka metro region, has occurred at the expense of livability. The livability of the urban space will become an even more binding constraint to sustained growth as Bangladesh transitions to a new business model based on higher-value industries and services, which need a highly skilled and internationally mobile workforce. This  is a tall order for Bangladesh, but planning needs to start today for Bangladesh’s cities to become more competitive in future.

 

Urbanization have crucial role to play in the economic development of Bangladesh. The circumstances under which population in Dhaka and Chittagong are growing without proportionate infrastructural development will begin to wipe out most of the gains associated with urbanization. That is, relative high levels of urbanization may not be sufficient to ensure higher levels of economic welfare in Bangladesh. This has happened in Latin America with levels of urbanization, above 80%, yet with real per capita incomes about a third that of developed nations. It could happen in Bangladesh as well unless the urban managers rise from their prolonged slumber.

5 . My school days (Write an essay)

Created: 3 years ago | Updated: 1 year ago
Updated: 1 year ago

My school days

School is said to be a temple of knowledge, the very first place that introduced you to the world and more so your own self. My school life is all about the memories I deeply cherish. The memories of not only the fun, friendship and all the sport and extracurricular but also the way it helped me find my interests. I owe it all to my school life. It has made me who I am today.

My school life has been full of different experiences over the years. It gave various opportunities to develop not only my scholastic abilities but also the art and sport side. It supported me in my sports as well as exposed me to numerous types of people. All of this accounted to make me understand how to behave socially and in building a personality which I have today.

There are numerous things that make school life the best phase in one’s life. All of this eventually is because we are young to do mistakes again and again till we realize, dumb enough to not think about people and do what we feel like doing, curious to know everything we can and most importantly still not exposed and contaminated with the evil feelings of this world. And all of this makes us build a personality of our own.

6 . Our export trade (Write an essay)

Created: 3 years ago | Updated: 10 months ago
Updated: 10 months ago

<p style="text-align:center;">Export trade means selling goods and services to other countries. It is very important for a country’s economic growth, as it brings in foreign money, creates jobs, and promotes international relationships.</p>

Our Export Trade

Export trade is a key part of any nation's economy. It refers to the process of sending goods and services produced in one country to be sold in another. India, with its rich resources, skilled workforce, and growing industries, is actively involved in export trade.

India exports a wide variety of goods to different parts of the world. These include agricultural products like rice, tea, and spices; textiles and garments; gems and jewellery; pharmaceuticals; engineering goods; and even software and IT services. These exports not only bring money into the country but also help in building India's reputation globally.

Export trade has many advantages. It earns foreign exchange, which helps us import important goods like oil and technology. It creates employment for millions of people in farming, factories, shipping, and logistics. Exporting also motivates industries to improve their quality and standards, making Indian products more competitive worldwide.

The government supports export trade through incentives, special economic zones (SEZs), and by signing international trade agreements. Organizations such as the Directorate General of Foreign Trade (DGFT) and Export Promotion Councils guide and assist exporters.

However, India faces some challenges. Global markets are highly competitive. There are issues like transport delays, customs procedures, and foreign trade restrictions. To grow stronger, India must invest in better infrastructure, promote digital trade, and support small businesses in exploring new markets.

In conclusion, export trade is very important for our country's growth. It helps build a stronger economy, supports industries, and connects India to the world. With smart planning and effort, India can continue to grow as a leading exporter on the global stage.

শিক্ষকদের জন্য বিশেষভাবে তৈরি

১ ক্লিকে প্রশ্ন, শীট, সাজেশন
অনলাইন পরীক্ষা তৈরির সফটওয়্যার!

শুধু প্রশ্ন সিলেক্ট করুন — প্রশ্নপত্র অটোমেটিক তৈরি!

প্রশ্ন এডিট করা যাবে
জলছাপ দেয়া যাবে
ঠিকানা যুক্ত করা যাবে
Logo, Motto যুক্ত হবে
অটো প্রতিষ্ঠানের নাম
অটো সময়, পূর্ণমান
প্রশ্ন এডিট করা যাবে
জলছাপ দেয়া যাবে
ঠিকানা যুক্ত করা যাবে
Logo, Motto যুক্ত হবে
অটো প্রতিষ্ঠানের নাম
অটো সময়, পূর্ণমান
অটো নির্দেশনা (এডিটযোগ্য)
অটো বিষয় ও অধ্যায়
OMR সংযুক্ত করা যাবে
ফন্ট, কলাম, ডিভাইডার
প্রশ্ন/অপশন স্টাইল পরিবর্তন
সেট কোড, বিষয় কোড
অটো নির্দেশনা (এডিটযোগ্য)
অটো বিষয় ও অধ্যায়
OMR সংযুক্ত করা যাবে
ফন্ট, কলাম, ডিভাইডার
প্রশ্ন/অপশন স্টাইল পরিবর্তন
সেট কোড, বিষয় কোড
এখনই শুরু করুন ডেমো দেখুন
৫০,০০০+
শিক্ষক
৩০ লক্ষ+
প্রশ্নপত্র
Promotion

Are you sure to start over?

Loading...