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21 February is a memorable day in our national history. We observe the day every year as International Mother Language Day. The day is a national holiday.

On this day, we pay tribute to the martyrs who laid down their lives to establish Bangla as a state language in undivided Pakistan in 1952. The struggle to achieve our language rights is known as the Language Movement.

The seed of the Language Movement was sown on 21 March 1948 when Mohammad Ali Jinnah, the Governor General of Pakistan, declared in a public meeting in Dhaka that Urdu would be the only state language of Pakistan. The declaration raised a storm of protest all over the country. The protest continued non-stop, gathering momentum day by day. It turned into a movement and reached its climax in 1952. The government outlawed all sorts of public meetings and rallies to stop it. The students of Dhaka University defied the law and brought out a peaceful protest procession on 21 February 1952. When the procession reached near Dhaka Medical College, the police opened fire on the students, killing Salam, Rafiq, Barkat, Safiur and Jabbar. As a result, there were mass protests all over the country and the government had to declare Bangla as a state language. This kindled the sparks of independence movement of Bangladesh.

Created: 4 months ago | Updated: 4 months ago
Updated: 4 months ago

Events and Festivals

Learning outcomes:
After we have studied this unit, we will be able to

  • talk about events and festivals
  • ask and answer questions and give opinions in a logical sequence
  • infer meanings from the context.
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(a) lungi (b) riverbank (c) father (d) straight (e) grown-up

Today is haat bar, and Ameen prepares to go there with items to sell. He wears a short-sleeved floral shirt over his (a) lungi Sonabhan notices how much he has grown while walking along the (b) riverbank . She realizes that Ameen now resembles his (c) father He has a long neck and (d) straight shoulders, just like his father. For the first time, she sees her son as a (e) grown-up .

(a) advice (b) washing (c) slut (d) society (e) gender

The text is about a mother giving (a) advice to her daughter. She teaches tasks like (b) washing clothes and cooking. The mother warns her daughter not to act like a (c) slut . She also emphasizes proper behaviour in (d) society The story shows the impact of (e) gender roles on women.

(a) means (b) live (c) pollute (d) cook (e) smoke

Air pollution (a) means the ways in which the air is polluted. Air is the most important element of human environment. Man cannot (b) live a single moment without air. But we do not think that it is we who (c) pollute this most vital element. Clean air is essential for life. Air is polluted in many ways. For example, smoke pollutes air. Man makes fires to (d) cook his food, to make bricks, burn refuse, melt pitch for road construction and burn wood. All these things produce heavy (e) smoke and this smoke pollutes air.

(a) strange (b) direction (c) rumbling (d) descending (e) balcony

The weather suddenly took a (a) strange turn that afternoon, and dark clouds began to gather. As the author was walking towards his room, he decided to change (b) direction . to a friend's place. The sound of (c) rumbling above made him stop and look up, where he saw a strange funnel cloud (d) descending from the sky. In a hurry to find shelter, he found a (e) balcony and crouched there as the storm intensified.

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Write a summary of the above passage in your own words.

Created: 4 months ago | Updated: 4 months ago
Updated: 4 months ago

Nelson Mandela was one of the greatest leaders in the modern world. He was a South African. He was sent to Robben Island for five years' imprisonment by the Government in 1962 for going against the ruling National Party's apartheid policies. Then again, he had to go there for the same reason. He was the first democratically elected President of the country & also the first black President. He worked for human rights & better future for South Africa. He died of lung cancer in 2013.

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