৪৭ তম বিসিএস লিখিত - 2025 এর CQ সমাধান

বাংলা

বিষয় কোড: ০০১

বাংলা

বিষয় কোড: ০০২

Read the text below and answer the questions that follow:

Artificial Intelligence (AI) epitomizes a transformative leap in technological paradigms, delineating systems or machines imbued with the faculty to emulate human cognitive processes such as learning, reasoning and problem-solving. This intricate domain amalgamates algorithms, voluminous data and computational dexterity to undertake tasks historically reliant on human intellect. Its ubiquitous influence permeates industries, reconfiguring economic frameworks and societal dynamics, thus warranting a comprehensive appraisal of its merits and demerits.

The historical trajectory of Al commenced in the mid-20th century with seminal contributions from Alan Turing, who conceptualized machines intelligence via the "Turing Test". The discipline gained momentum at the 1956 Dartmouth Conference, where John McCarthy christened it "Artificial Intelligence". Process was intermittent, constrained by technological limitations, until the proliferation of advanced hardware and expansive datasets in the 21st century revitalized Al research.

Several luminaries and corporations have catalyzed Al's evolution. Google harnessed its data troves to pioneer machine learning, while open AI, initiated by Elon Musk and Sam Altman, redefined natural language processing with ChatGPT. DeepMind, led by Demis Hassabis, showcased Al's progress with AlphaGO's triumph over human Go champions illustrating its strategic sophistication. These endeavours have significantly augmented Al's global prominence. In daily existence, AI chatbots have become indispensable conduits, particularly in education and research. Tools like ChatGPT, Grok and Bard provide real-time education of intricate subjects and aid in synthesizing extensive data sets for academic inquiries. Students leverage these platforms to enhance learning, while researchers utilize them to expedite literature reviews and hypothesis formulation.

Al's utility extends beyond academia into scientific research. It accelerates drug discovery by simulating molecular interactions, refines climate models for precise environmental forecasting, and enhances astronomical analyses through pattern recognition. These applications underscore Al's pivotal role in addressing humanity's most formidable challenges.

However, Al's ascendancy precipitates concerns. Over-reliance on automated solutions may attenuate human creativity, as individuals might eschew original ideation. Additionally, job displacement in sectors like manufacturing and customer service threatens socio-economic stability, potentially widening income disparities.

prospect of existential perils intensifies with Al's unchecked proliferation. Scholars and ethicists ponder whether super intelligent systems could evade human control, posing catastrophic risks. This debate accentuates the urgency of instituting regulatory mechanisms to align Al with ethical imperatives and safeguard human interests. Moreover, the psychological impact on society cannot be overlooked. As AI assumes roles traditionally held by humans, it may engender a sense of obsolescence among workers, necessitating robust re-skilling initiatives to mitigate alienation and foster adaptability in technology-driven milieu.

Cultural ramifications also emerge as Al integrates into global societies. It risks homogenizing diverse cultural expressions by prioritizing standardized algorithms, potentially eroding linguistic and artistic heritage. Policy makers must therefore advocate for culturally sensitive Al development to preserve societal diversity.

In conclusion, Al's dichotomous nature-bestowing prodigious benefits alongside substantial challenges demands sagacious deployment. Its capacity to bolster productivity and scientific progress can be harnessed for human advancement if underpinned by ethical governance and equitable dissemination. Through synergistic efforts between technologists and policy makers, Al can be steered to augment rather than undermine human potential.

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