একটি নির্দিষ্ট তাপমাত্রায় প্রতি লিটার জলীয় দ্রবণে উপস্থিত কোনো অম্লের সংখ্যার যে ভগ্নাংশ বিয়োজিত থাকে, তাকে ঐ অম্লের বিয়োজন ধ্রুবক বলা হয়।
মনে করি, একটি এসিড জলীয় দ্রবণে নিম্নরূপে আয়নিত অবস্থায় আছে।
HB+H2O⇌H3O++B−Ka=[HB][H2O][H3O+][B−]=[HB][H3O+][B−]
[এর মান পানির ঘনমাত্রার উপর নির্ভরশীল নয়।]
এসিড জলীয় দ্রবণে H+ দান করে অর্থাৎ, [H3O+] উৎপন্ন করে। এখানে, Ka হলো এসিড বিয়োজন ধ্রুবক এর একক হলো molL−1 । এর মান অধিক হলে ঐ এসিড এর শক্তিমাত্রা বেশি হয়।
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